Migrants in the Sahel region of Africa are facing increasing danger as the European Union’s (EU) crackdown on irregular migration backfires. Despite the EU’s efforts to reduce migration by investing billions of euros in border management in the Sahara Desert, the situation has worsened, leading to a rise in the influence of jihadist groups and a thriving conflict economy.
Many migrants embarking on the perilous journey across the Mediterranean have already experienced dangerous conditions in the Sahel, a volatile region plagued by insecurity and limited opportunities. They rely on smugglers, government officials, and various armed groups to navigate through this challenging terrain. However, after the 2015 migration crisis, the EU started channeling funds towards border management in the Sahara and pressuring countries like Mali and Niger to crack down on irregular migration.
Instead of reducing demand for migration, these measures have only made the journey riskier for migrants, while also inadvertently turning it into a lucrative business for those willing to supply and govern these dangerous trips. With traditional migration routes closed off due to government crackdowns, migrants have resorted to alternative, more treacherous paths, resulting in fatalities from dehydration and injuries.
The EU’s approach has not only failed to curb migration but has also created a security vacuum that jihadist groups are exploiting. These groups have started recruiting among migrants, raising concerns about the potential for further instability in the region. Increased extremist influence and extortion threaten the stability of Sahel countries and could have broader implications for the security interests of both Europe and its southern neighbors.
In response to the deteriorating security situation, the EU has begun redirecting its focus to North Africa, similar to its past agreements with Libya. This shift poses further risks as it could push more migrants into jihadist territory and exacerbate the situation. However, respecting migrants’ human rights and promoting orderly and safe migration could contribute to regional stability and reduce the influence of extremist groups.
The EU must recognize the strategic implications of migration and consider both humanitarian concerns and security interests. By addressing the root causes of migration, supporting regional stability, and respecting migrants’ rights, the EU can work towards a more effective and balanced approach to managing migration flows in the Sahel region. This would align with the objectives of the EU Sahel Strategy and prioritize legitimate foreign policy directives over domestic concerns.
