Future Supercontinent Pangea Ultima: Earth’s Mass Extinctions Continue with 95% of Ocean Species Gone, Mammals Next in Line
Scientists have published captivating new research in the scientific journal Nature Geoscience, shedding light on the future of our planet and the potential mass extinctions that may occur. Using a supercomputer simulation, researchers investigated the climate conditions on the projected next supercontinent, Pangea Ultima, which is expected to form approximately 250 million years from now. Their findings indicate that this future landmass could witness a scorching heatwave, making it uninhabitable for most mammals, including humans.
According to the study, Pangea Ultima’s monthly average temperatures could skyrocket between 104 to 122 degrees Fahrenheit (40 to 50 degrees Celsius). During the warmest summer months, temperatures could reach a deadly average of 158 Fahrenheit (70 Celsius). In comparison, the Earth’s current average temperature stands at 59 Fahrenheit (15 Celsius). This extreme heat would pose significant challenges for mammals to survive due to their inability to regulate body temperature through sweat and maintain cooling.
While some regions on the outer fringes of Pangea Ultima, especially at higher latitudes, may offer moderate temperatures that can sustain mammalian life, approximately 84 to 92 percent of the landmass is predicted to be hellish and uninhabitable. The research utilized a renowned climate model, the UK Meteorological Office’s HadCM3, known for its accurate predictions of Earth’s recent warming.
Several factors contribute to the extreme temperatures projected on Pangea Ultima. Firstly, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is expected to rise significantly due to the rampant volcanism that accompanies the collision of continents. This increase in carbon dioxide levels, combined with the intensified brightness of the sun, would exacerbate the heating on the supercontinent. Additionally, the location of Pangea Ultima, primarily situated in the tropics where sunlight is most intense and humidity is high, would contribute to the substantial heat experienced.
The interior of continents also experiences what is known as the continentality effect. Unlike coastal areas that benefit from the moderating influence of oceans, continental interiors lack this tempering effect. Therefore, Pangea Ultima’s vast inland region, formed by the merging of all seven continents, would be subjected to intensified heating.
While these predictions may seem alarming, it is important to note that the estimated timeframe of 250 million years allows for the potential development of adaptation strategies. As we navigate human-caused climate change, potential asteroid threats, and global pandemics, the ability to tackle the challenges presented by the distant future climate of Pangea Ultima could signify an impressive achievement for our species.
The research opens up fascinating possibilities for understanding Earth’s ever-evolving climate and the consequences it may hold for various species. Though the data suggests considerable hurdles, it serves as a reminder of the resilience and adaptability of life on our planet. With advances in science and technology, humanity shall continue to explore innovative solutions to ensure the survival of different species, including our own, across the vast expanse of time.
