Texas is home to an impressive variety of venomous snakes, with a total of 15 species and subspecies residing in the state. While some may mistakenly refer to these snakes as poisonous, it’s important to note that they are actually venomous. However, it’s worth mentioning that people have been known to consume rattlesnakes, although extreme caution should be exercised.
Among the 15 venomous snakes found in Texas, two main categories can be identified: pit vipers and North American cobras. The majority of venomous snakes in Texas fall under the pit viper category, which includes copperheads, cottonmouths, and various rattlesnake species. The lone North American cobra species in Texas is the highly venomous coral snake, known for its distinctive red and yellow coloring.
Copperheads, characterized by chestnut or reddish-brown crossbands on a lighter body, tend to inhabit rocky, woody, or weedy areas near streams and rivers. They are less common in dryer regions of Texas. There are three distinct species of copperheads in the state: the Southern copperhead, the Broadbanded copperhead, and the Trans-Pecos copperhead. Typically, copperheads measure between 20 to 30 inches in length.
Cottonmouths, also known as Water Moccasins, exhibit colors ranging from dark brown to almost solid black. They feature wide, dark bands, although these may be more or less distinct depending on the individual snake. A unique characteristic of the cottonmouth is the white coloration on the inside of its mouth, resembling cotton. These snakes prefer habitats near water bodies, such as swamps and marshes, as they primarily feed on fish. Cottonmouths are notably large, often reaching lengths of 3.5 feet. The Western cottonmouth is the only cottonmouth species found in Texas.
Rattlesnakes are likely the most recognizable snakes associated with Texas, and the state is home to several species and subspecies, including both primitive and more advanced types. Primitive rattlesnakes have a bone structure that is evolutionarily older compared to the more advanced varieties. The Western massasauga, Desert massasauga, Western diamondback, Timber rattlesnake, Mottled Rock rattlesnake, Banded Rock rattlesnake, Blacktail rattlesnake, Mojave rattlesnake, and Prairie rattlesnake are all examples of rattlesnake species found in the state. Rattlesnakes can vary in size, ranging from a slender 2 feet to a robust nearly 5 feet. They also exhibit a wide range of colors and patterns, but their most distinct feature is, of course, their signature rattle.
The most venomous snake in Texas is the coral snake, which is easily recognizable thanks to the famous red touch yellow; kill a fellow rhyme. It’s important to note that while some harmless snakes may have similar markings, they will never display red and yellow touching. Coral snakes typically inhabit woodlands, canyons, and coastal plains across Texas.
It’s crucial to remember that snakes do not actively prey on humans. They will only strike if they feel threatened or startled. The best way to avoid snake bites is to steer clear of overgrown areas that snakes tend to inhabit. Snakes play a vital role in maintaining the ecosystem by controlling populations of animals that could otherwise become nuisances to humans (such as rats). Not to mention, rattlesnakes make for a pretty cool mascot too.
In conclusion, Texas boasts an array of venomous snakes, including pit vipers like copperheads, cottonmouths, and various rattlesnake species, as well as the highly venomous North American cobra known as the coral snake. While these snakes should be respected and admired from a distance, it’s crucial to remember that they primarily pose a threat when provoked. By understanding and appreciating their role in the ecosystem, we can coexist with these fascinating creatures while ensuring our own safety.
