The Risks of Low Energy Availability: Hormonal Disruption and Health Concerns
Low energy availability can have detrimental effects on hormones and overall health, according to experts. Individuals may find themselves in a state of low energy availability due to various reasons such as mental health issues like eating disorders, pressures of achieving an ideal body image promoted by social media, or engaging in weight-sensitive sports like combat sports or gymnastics. However, accurately determining the prevalence of low energy availability is challenging due to its subtle symptoms, reliance on self-reported assessments, and the desire of athletes to conceal its presence for sociocultural reasons. Furthermore, there is no widely accepted biomarker available for screening.
When faced with an energy crisis, the body instinctively prepares for a period of starvation by entering survival mode. This involves conserving energy by reducing processes that consume the most energy. Remarkably, low energy availability can disrupt hormones and metabolism in as little as five days. If this condition persists, long-term energy deprivation can lead to more severe health issues such as irregular menstrual cycles, compromised bone health, and an increased risk of injuries.
Understanding the extent and implications of low energy availability, or Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S), is of utmost importance. The consequences of RED-S extend beyond physical health and can impact an individual’s overall well-being. Athletes, in particular, should be aware of the potential risks associated with low energy availability and the importance of maintaining a healthy balance between energy expenditure and fuel intake.
While studies have shed light on the relationship between low energy availability and hormonal disruptions, some experts argue that more research is needed to fully comprehend the complexities of this condition. The subtle nature of symptoms and the lack of a definitive screening method make early detection challenging. Therefore, health professionals and coaches should remain vigilant and create an environment that promotes open communication, ensuring that athletes feel comfortable discussing their energy levels and overall well-being.
In conclusion, low energy availability poses risks to hormonal balance and overall health. Understanding the prevalence and consequences of this condition can help individuals, especially athletes, take necessary steps to maintain a healthy equilibrium between energy intake and expenditure. By raising awareness and fostering open dialogue, we can work towards the well-being and optimal performance of individuals in various domains, from amateur sports to professional athleticism.
