Nearly 7 out of 10 admitted patients in India are prescribed antibiotics, according to a survey conducted in 20 public hospitals across the country. The survey, carried out by the National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC), revealed that 72% of in-patients receive antibiotics, with 5% of patients being given four or more antibiotics.
Of concern is the fact that the survey showed a higher frequency of prescribing watch group antibiotics, which have a higher resistance potential, compared to access group antibiotics, which have a lower resistance potential. In 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) classified commonly used antibiotics into three categories, emphasizing the importance of their optimal use and the potential for antimicrobial resistance.
The survey also found that some hospitals prescribed antibiotics that are not recommended by the WHO, particularly fixed-dose combinations of multiple broad-spectrum antibiotics that lack evidence-based indications or recommendations in international guidelines.
The report released by Union Health Minister Mansukh Mandaviya recommends that institutions aim to limit the consumption of reserve group antibiotics, which should be reserved for the treatment of confirmed or suspected infections caused by multi-drug-resistant organisms.
Polypharmacy, the simultaneous use of multiple medicines, was observed in all the institutions surveyed, which poses an increased risk of adverse effects and drug interactions.
The survey highlights the need for better adherence to antibiotic prescribing guidelines and the appropriate use of antibiotics to combat the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance. By reducing unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions and promoting responsible use, healthcare professionals can contribute to safeguarding the effectiveness of antibiotics for future generations.
It is crucial for medical institutions to regularly review and update their prescribing practices, ensuring that antibiotics are prescribed only when necessary and for the appropriate duration. This approach can help minimize the development of antibiotic resistance and preserve the effectiveness of these life-saving drugs.
In addition to medical professionals, patients also play a vital role in ensuring the responsible use of antibiotics. It is essential for patients to follow their healthcare provider’s instructions regarding antibiotic usage, including completing the full course of treatment and not sharing antibiotics with others.
As the fight against antimicrobial resistance continues, it is crucial for all stakeholders, including healthcare professionals, policymakers, and the general public, to work together to address this global health threat. By implementing effective strategies to promote appropriate antibiotic use, India can contribute to the global effort to preserve the effectiveness of antibiotics for future generations.
Optimizing antibiotic use not only benefits individuals but also has a broader impact on public health by reducing the risk of widespread infections and the need for more potent antibiotics. Through education, awareness campaigns, and robust surveillance systems, India can make significant strides in mitigating the threat of antimicrobial resistance and ensuring a healthier future for all.
