India’s digital infrastructure has been promoted globally for years by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), including the controversial Aadhaar digital identity system. In 2021, the UNDP supported and financed the CoWIN vaccination software during the Covid-19 pandemic, with 374 healthcare companies registering for access to Indian health data via National Digital Health Mission’s sandbox APIs. Critics argue that this experimentation on Indians is aimed at commodifying citizens for a developmental agenda. The UNDP’s promotion of CoWIN as a success story is not confined to vaccination but is based on a wider developmental model that includes digital identity, such as Health Digital IDs for tracking adverse events. The UN’s own roadmap for digital co-operation has been informed by committee co-chairs Melinda Gates and Jack Ma, while the World Bank’s ID4D initiative promotes the Indian model to other countries and gives loans to digitise through it. However, critics warn that the global adoption of digital identity-based governance and economic development is creating similar problems to those experienced in India, including exclusion and discrimination.
CoWin Fiasco Exposes Hidden Agenda Behind Digital ID-Based Governance
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