Chinese scientists have successfully developed a numerical model of the Martian atmosphere to aid China’s ambitious plans to collect rock samples from the Red Planet. The model, known as the Global Open Planetary atmospheric model for Mars (GoMars), replicates the intricate cycles of dust, water, and carbon dioxide in Mars’ atmosphere. It will be instrumental in simulating meteorological conditions for landing spacecraft, providing crucial data on surface temperature, wind, and dust.
China aims to launch its Tianwen-3 Mars sample return mission between 2028 and 2030, which will involve collecting up to 1.1 pounds (500 grams) of Martian material using a drill and a robotic arm. Subsequently, an ascent vehicle will propel the valuable cargo back into Mars orbit to rendezvous with an awaiting orbiter for the long journey back to Earth.
Lead researcher Wang Bin highlighted the significance of the newly developed atmospheric model, stating, It can simulate the temperatures of the landing zone, and scientists can use these data to design materials that are suitable for building Mars rovers to cope with extreme cold. This valuable insight will aid in the development of rovers capable of withstanding the harsh Martian climate.
The GoMars model was constructed using data from a variety of sources, including China’s pioneering Mars rover Zhurong, NASA’s Viking 1 and 2 landers, and the OpenMARS reanalysis dataset, which provides a comprehensive record of Martian weather.
China’s pursuit of interplanetary exploration began with the Tianwen-1 mission in 2020, which included the successful deployment of the Zhurong rover on Mars. The next mission, Tianwen-2, scheduled for early 2025, will visit a near-Earth asteroid and a main belt comet. Tianwen-3 is set to focus on collecting Martian samples, while Tianwen-4, expected to launch around 2030, will be directed towards Jupiter and its moon Callisto, with an accompanying probe planned to make a flyby of Uranus.
The development of the GoMars model is a significant milestone in China’s space exploration efforts, enabling scientists to gain crucial insights into the Martian atmosphere and its associated meteorological phenomena. By accurately simulating the conditions on Mars, Chinese scientists are paving the way for the successful execution of future space missions, including the retrieval of precious Martian materials. This accomplishment reinforces China’s position as a key player in the global space race and solidifies its commitment to exploring the mysteries of the universe.
In conclusion, Chinese scientists have constructed a comprehensive numerical model of the Martian atmosphere, known as GoMars, which will prove instrumental in facilitating China’s planned missions to collect rock samples from Mars. This cutting-edge model replicates the atmospheric processes that govern Mars’ climate, providing vital data for accurately simulating meteorological conditions during spacecraft landings. With plans for upcoming ambitious missions, China’s space exploration endeavors continue to reach new heights, positioning the country as a frontrunner in the field of interplanetary exploration.
