New research from Caltech’s Lihong Wang and postdoctoral scholar Yide Zhang has revolutionized imaging techniques by simplifying and enhancing three-dimensional laser-based technology. Published in the journal Nature Biomedical Engineering, their research demonstrates significant improvements to a form of photoacoustic imaging called PATER (Photoacoustic Topography Through an Ergodic Relay). This advancement reduces the complexity and cost of the imaging process while achieving higher levels of accuracy. Wang and Zhang have successfully reduced the required number of transducers using an ergodic relay device, allowing for the collection of data from one transducer that is equivalent to 6,400 transducers.
In the field of photoacoustic imaging, laser light is pulsed into tissue, causing molecules within the tissue to vibrate. These vibrations serve as a source of ultrasonic waves, enabling the imaging of internal structures, similar to ultrasound imaging. However, traditional photoacoustic imaging technology required arrays of hundreds of transducers to collect the imaging information from the tissue. This posed a significant challenge in terms of complexity and cost.
By incorporating the ergodic relay device, Wang and Zhang have overcome this challenge. The ergodic relay slows down the flow of information, allowing a single transducer to capture all the necessary data. This breakthrough significantly simplifies the imaging process and reduces costs.
The latest version of this technology, dubbed PACTER (Photoacoustic Computed Tomography Through an Ergodic Relay), also brings additional improvements. Unlike its predecessor, PATER, PACTER can create three-dimensional images instead of just two-dimensional images. This expansion was made possible through the development of improved software.
Furthermore, PACTER eliminates the need for calibration before each use. With PATER, the system had to be calibrated every time, which was impractical. However, PACTER utilizes a delay line to address this issue. The delay line forces the echo to take a longer physical path back to the transducer, ensuring that direct ultrasound information can be received without interference.
Wang and Zhang’s research marks a significant step forward in simplifying and enhancing laser-based imaging techniques. With the ability to generate three-dimensional images while reducing the number of necessary transducers, PACTER presents a more accessible and cost-effective option for medical imaging. These advancements have the potential to impact various fields, including biomedical research and clinical applications. The research was funded by the National Institutes of Health.
Overall, this breakthrough brings us closer to a future where advanced imaging technologies are more easily accessible for medical professionals, ultimately improving patient care and diagnostic capabilities.
