A recent study conducted using artificial intelligence (AI) has brought to light a hidden secret behind Raphael’s renowned painting, Madonna della Rosa. The findings not only shed new light on the masterpiece but also underline the potential role of AI in art history research.
Professor Hassan Ugail, Director of the Centre for Visual Computing and Intelligent Systems at the University of Bradford, explained the results of the AI analysis. When we tested the della Rosa as a whole, the results were not conclusive. So, then we tested the individual parts and while the rest of the picture was confirmed as Raphael, Joseph’s face came up as most likely not Raphael.
The AI algorithm developed by Professor Ugail indicated that while the figures of the Madonna, Child, and St John in the painting were undoubtedly created by Raphael, the face of Joseph was likely the work of another artist, potentially one of Raphael’s pupils, Giulio Romano.
Traditionally, the Madonna della Rosa painting was attributed entirely to Raphael, dating back to its creation in 1517/18. However, doubts regarding its composition arose in the 1800s, leading some art historians to partially attribute the work to Raphael’s workshop.
The recent AI report serves as further confirmation of the art historians’ belief. Professor Ugail stated, The AI program analysis of our work has demonstrated conclusively that whereas the three figures of the Madonna, Christ Child, and St John the Baptist are unequivocally painted by Raphael, that of St Joseph is not and has been painted by someone else – possibly by Romano, as believed by zur Capellen and others.
The discovery showcases the potential of AI in art historical research and analysis. Deep learning algorithms have the ability to scrutinize artworks in ways that the human eye may overlook, comparing brushstrokes, color palettes, and compositional patterns against an extensive database of known works.
By leveraging AI, researchers can gain deeper insights into the authenticity and attribution of artworks, contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of artistic history. It highlights the multidimensional approach required in art analysis, with each aspect playing a crucial role.
The integration of technology into art research not only enhances the capabilities of experts but also provides a fresh perspective on well-known masterpieces. While human expertise remains invaluable, AI offers a powerful tool and a complementary approach to uncovering hidden secrets within the art world.
As AI continues to advance, it promises to revolutionize various fields, and art history is no exception. Through the marriage of art and technology, we can unravel the mysteries of the past and gain a deeper appreciation for the masterpieces that have shaped our cultural heritage.
