Researchers from the National University of Singapore (NUS) have discovered the potential of red blood cell extracellular vesicles (RBCEVs) in treating atherosclerosis, a disease characterized by the buildup of fat and cholesterol in artery walls. Their findings, published in the Journal of Extracellular Vesicles, demonstrate that RBCEVs have several beneficial effects on immune cells known as macrophages, which play a key role in cleaning the blood.
Macrophages are responsible for detecting and clearing pathogens and dead cells in the body. The researchers found that when exposed to RBCEVs, macrophages exhibited decreased levels of proteins associated with inflammation, suggesting that RBCEVs could be effective in alleviating conditions related to excessive inflammation. Furthermore, the RBCEVs increased the production of an enzyme that protects cells against oxidative damage, a common feature of inflammatory and cardiovascular diseases. Additionally, the RBCEVs enhanced the macrophages’ resistance to lipid uptake, thereby reducing fat deposition characteristic of atherosclerosis.
Led by Assistant Professor Minh Le from NUS Medicine, the team aims to leverage their findings to manipulate RBCEV uptake by macrophages, potentially adjusting the distribution of RBCEVs to different tissues in the body. They also plan to explore the therapeutic potential of RBCEVs by combining their natural properties with drugs designed to treat inflammatory conditions. This research builds on their ongoing work in developing the RBCEV platform for various diseases, including cancer and COVID-19.
Professor Lee Chuen Neng from NUS Medicine emphasized the potential impact of this discovery on healthcare, particularly in treating atherosclerosis and other related diseases. The researchers highlighted the use of RBCEVs as tiny particles made from a person’s own red blood cells, offering exciting new therapeutic strategies for millions of individuals at risk of heart disease and stroke.
The study, conducted collaboratively with multiple institutions, contributes to a better understanding of RBCEVs and their potential applications in disease treatment. The researchers hope that their work will advance the development of innovative therapies and improve healthcare outcomes for patients. With further research and development, RBCEVs may offer promising possibilities for addressing atherosclerosis and other inflammatory conditions, bringing new hope to individuals in need.
The National University of Singapore’s research demonstrates the power of exploring the body’s natural mechanisms for potential therapeutic applications. By investigating the properties and effects of RBCEVs on immune cells, the researchers have shed light on new possibilities for treating atherosclerosis and combating inflammation. This breakthrough discovery could pave the way for more effective and targeted treatments, ultimately improving the lives of millions affected by cardiovascular diseases.
